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README.md
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# How Protospace Works # How Protospace Works
## What's next for a new member? ## What's next for a new member?
Check out the Protospace member portal (my.protospace.ca) - Check out the Protospace member portal (my.protospace.ca)
How youll see your member records, make payments, sign up for classes, and request a key - How youll see your member records, make payments, sign up for classes, and request a key
Sign up for the forum - Sign up for the forum
More about this on the next slide - More about this on the next slide
Come to our open house every Tuesday! - Come to our open house every Tuesday!
Great way to meet other members and get a feel for the community - Great way to meet other members and get a feel for the community
Get vetted and get your key - Get vetted and get your key
Voting rights, a shelf, and 24/7 access - Voting rights, a shelf, and 24/7 access
Get started using the tools - Get started using the tools
Take the appropriate training courses, more at the end - Take the appropriate training courses, more at the end
Check out the Protospace member portal (my.protospace.ca) Check out the Protospace member portal (my.protospace.ca)
How youll see your member records, make payments, sign up for classes, and request a key - How youll see your member records, make payments, sign up for classes, and request a key
Sign up for the forum - Sign up for the forum
More about this on the next slide - More about this on the next slide
Come to our open house every Tuesday! - Come to our open house every Tuesday!
Great way to meet other members and get a feel for the community - Great way to meet other members and get a feel for the community
Get vetted and get your key - Get vetted and get your key
Voting rights, a shelf, and 24/7 access - Voting rights, a shelf, and 24/7 access
Get started using the tools - Get started using the tools
Take the appropriate training courses, more at the end - Take the appropriate training courses, more at the end
## Contact Information ## Contact Information
Our Discourse Forums - Our Discourse Forums
Links in Spaceport (MUST USE TO SIGN UP) - Links in Spaceport (MUST USE TO SIGN UP)
Some discussions can become heated - Some discussions can become heated
Admin area is for internal functions of the space - Admin area is for internal functions of the space
Public chat is publicly accessible - Public chat is publicly accessible
Be aware that not following the forum might lead you to miss important event and announcements - Be aware that not following the forum might lead you to miss important event and announcements
Email - Email
Protospace directors can be reached at directors@protospace.ca - Protospace directors can be reached at directors@protospace.ca
General inquiries can be directed to the mailing lists or info@protospace.ca - General inquiries can be directed to the mailing lists or info@protospace.ca
- These can all be found on the wiki under links and contact information
These can all be found on the wiki under links and contact information
## Protospace Culture ## Protospace Culture
Protospace is 100% Volunteer run. There are no paid staff. - Protospace is 100% Volunteer run. There are no paid staff.
We are registered under the Alberta Companies Act as a Non-Profit Organization - We are registered under the Alberta Companies Act as a Non-Profit Organization
We conduct our affairs accordingly (more on this later) - We conduct our affairs accordingly (more on this later)
ALL members are equal in stature - ALL members are equal in stature
Most Protospace tools and equipment are owned by Protospace itself. - Most Protospace tools and equipment are owned by Protospace itself.
Some tools have been given to Protospace by members on a "long-term loan" basis. - Some tools have been given to Protospace by members on a "long-term loan" basis.
This is a practice we are phasing out, but it remains the case for some items. - This is a practice we are phasing out, but it remains the case for some items.
Don't be afraid to speak up if you see unsafe action (identify/flag and correct) - Don't be afraid to speak up if you see unsafe action (identify/flag and correct)
"Be excellent to each other" is the overriding principle of Protospace. - "Be excellent to each other" is the overriding principle of Protospace.
Other spaces have their own rule zero, such as “Dont make us make a rule” or “Do not be on fire” - Other spaces have their own rule zero, such as “Dont make us make a rule” or “Do not be on fire”
Dont be easily annoyed, dont be excessively annoying - Dont be easily annoyed, dont be excessively annoying
Protospace specific units of measure: - Protospace specific units of measure:
Toast: unit of volume, weight, distance, equal to a single slice of standard toast - Toast: unit of volume, weight, distance, equal to a single slice of standard toast
Damron Factor: an increment of 7 powerbars and extension cords connected to each other - Damron Factor: an increment of 7 powerbars and extension cords connected to each other
Microwave hour: the time it takes for someone to complete a project you can do in about an hour with a salvaged microwave oven transformer. We have never completed a Microwave hour. - Microwave hour: the time it takes for someone to complete a project you can do in about an hour with a salvaged microwave oven transformer. We have never completed a Microwave hour.
## Do-ocracy ## Do-ocracy
Everything in the space was done by members—taking initiative is hugely encouraged - Everything in the space was done by members—taking initiative is hugely encouraged
Will your action solve a problem or improve Protospace? Do it! - Will your action solve a problem or improve Protospace? Do it!
Will your action harm a member, their project, or the space? Don't do it! - Will your action harm a member, their project, or the space? Don't do it!
If you're not sure, ask! Either on Spacebar or in person - If you're not sure, ask! Either on Spacebar or in person
Rule of thumb: If an action can be reasonably undone in about 4 hours, give it a shot! - Rule of thumb: If an action can be reasonably undone in about 4 hours, give it a shot!
Changes to the building and its systems need to be officially coordinated - Changes to the building and its systems need to be officially coordinated
Code, permits, landlord, and permission from the City may all be factors. - Code, permits, landlord, and permission from the City may all be factors.
## Community ## Community
Protospace is not a normal business; it is a community of tinkerers, hackers, makers, and other creative people. As such, this is a diverse group with many strong opinions! - Protospace is not a normal business; it is a community of tinkerers, hackers, makers, and other creative people. As such, this is a diverse group with many strong opinions!
Dont think of yourself as a customer or client, you will not get much out of the space - Dont think of yourself as a customer or client, you will not get much out of the space
It is through the cooperation of our members that Protospace has grown into what it is today. - It is through the cooperation of our members that Protospace has grown into what it is today.
Protospace is just as much a social club as anything else - Protospace is just as much a social club as anything else
## Respect ## Respect
Respect is the foundation of any community. There are a few important ways to show respect around Protospace. - Respect is the foundation of any community. There are a few important ways to show respect around Protospace.
Respecting the space itself - Respecting the space itself
Clean up after yourself. - Clean up after yourself.
Treat the equipment better than you would if it were your own. - Treat the equipment better than you would if it were your own.
Find ways to volunteer, to improve Protospace as a physical place and as a conceptual entity. - Find ways to volunteer, to improve Protospace as a physical place and as a conceptual entity.
Keep your dues current, we have bills to pay - Keep your dues current, we have bills to pay
Respecting others - Respecting others
Treat others as you would like to be treated. - Treat others as you would like to be treated.
Understand that everyone wants to get the most out of the space. - Understand that everyone wants to get the most out of the space.
Understand that other members may not always have the time or inclination to assist you; it is not personal. - Understand that other members may not always have the time or inclination to assist you; it is not personal.
Mistakes happen; it is best to approach a misdeed with a level head and an open mind, rather than assuming malice from the outset. (Hanlons razor) - Mistakes happen; it is best to approach a misdeed with a level head and an open mind, rather than assuming malice from the outset. (Hanlons razor)
Dont make someone else have to be the jerk. - Dont make someone else have to be the jerk.
Understand that everything is done by volunteers, being helpful goes alot farther than being demanding - Understand that everything is done by volunteers, being helpful goes alot farther than being demanding
Dont skip out on courses you sign up for, this can prevent members who would show up from being able to. Also, our instructors dont get paid, be punctual, bring them a coffee. - Dont skip out on courses you sign up for, this can prevent members who would show up from being able to. Also, our instructors dont get paid, be punctual, bring them a coffee.
## Directors ## Directors
Protospace has a rotating board of directors. The members of the board are decided by way of election or acclamation at the annual general meeting. - Protospace has a rotating board of directors. The members of the board are decided by way of election or acclamation at the annual general meeting.
The Directors for 2023/2024 are: - The Directors for 2023/2024 are:
Eric Coyle - Eric Coyle
Andrea Friedrich - Andrea Friedrich
Jason Nickel - Jason Nickel
Tim Gopaul - Tim Gopaul
Joe Piche - Joe Piche
Directors fulfil certain administrative functions at the space, but are otherwise ordinary members. - Directors fulfil certain administrative functions at the space, but are otherwise ordinary members.
There are lots of people are around to help you; contrary to popular belief, directors have almost no special powers. - There are lots of people are around to help you; contrary to popular belief, directors have almost no special powers.
## Decision Making ## Decision Making
As mentioned, Protospace is a registered non-profit organization. Our articles of association define a process by which Protospace makes decisions as an organization. Among other things, this process allows us to define policies, which allow us to make clear decisions on specific issues. - As mentioned, Protospace is a registered non-profit organization. Our articles of association define a process by which Protospace makes decisions as an organization. Among other things, this process allows us to define policies, which allow us to make clear decisions on specific issues.
The process is not perfect, but it's the best we have so far. - The process is not perfect, but it's the best we have so far.
Policies are discussed and decided upon at members' meetings. - Policies are discussed and decided upon at members' meetings.
Members meetings occur monthly - Members meetings occur monthly
Odd months: 3rd Thursday of the month @ 7:03:14 PM - Odd months: 3rd Thursday of the month @ 7:03:14 PM
Even months: 3rd Wednesday of the month @ 7:03:14 PM - Even months: 3rd Wednesday of the month @ 7:03:14 PM
In rare occasions other times may be set, or a meeting may be skipped. This is decided at the preceding meeting. - In rare occasions other times may be set, or a meeting may be skipped. This is decided at the preceding meeting.
Members can make motions for new policies etc. Motions are voted on (yes, no, abstain) - Members can make motions for new policies etc. Motions are voted on (yes, no, abstain)
Motions need to be posted at least 72 hours before the meeting - Motions need to be posted at least 72 hours before the meeting
75% approval is the threshold for a motion to pass - 75% approval is the threshold for a motion to pass
Quorum (11 vetted members) is required for a meeting to take place (and therefore for any motion to pass) - Quorum (11 vetted members) is required for a meeting to take place (and therefore for any motion to pass)
Often decisions are spun off to "task forces" - small groups with relevant expertise - Often decisions are spun off to "task forces" - small groups with relevant expertise
## Participating in Decision-making ## Participating in Decision-making
Join the small groups/task forces about which you are passionate and/or knowledgeable. - Join the small groups/task forces about which you are passionate and/or knowledgeable.
If you have something meaningful to contribute, please take part in discussions. - If you have something meaningful to contribute, please take part in discussions.
If you don't feel strongly about something, weighing in may be counter-productive. - If you don't feel strongly about something, weighing in may be counter-productive.
Attending members' meetings is a great way to get involved in the decision-making process. - Attending members' meetings is a great way to get involved in the decision-making process.
## Storage and Pitches ## Storage and Pitches
There are 300+ members, and not enough space for 300+ large projects - There are 300+ members, and not enough space for 300+ large projects
Pitch it before you ditch it; If it doesnt stay on your shelf when you go home, it needs a pitch. - Pitch it before you ditch it; If it doesnt stay on your shelf when you go home, it needs a pitch.
Pitches should be made in the admin section on SpaceBar. They need to include what you want to store, where you want to store it, and how long you expect it to be there - Pitches should be made in the admin section on SpaceBar. They need to include what you want to store, where you want to store it, and how long you expect it to be there
Pitches should be made with 48 hours notice before your project shows up - Pitches should be made with 48 hours notice before your project shows up
Provided there is not more than 1 objection after 48 hours, you are welcome to bring in your project - Provided there is not more than 1 objection after 48 hours, you are welcome to bring in your project
No overnight storage in the no-fly zone (back of 110) - No overnight storage in the no-fly zone (back of 110)
If it is small, fits out of the way and only needs time for something to dry, put a note with your name, when you will be back to pick it up and a way to contact you. Also, when the clamps can be removed should someone need them. - If it is small, fits out of the way and only needs time for something to dry, put a note with your name, when you will be back to pick it up and a way to contact you. Also, when the clamps can be removed should someone need them.
If you're not sure if something is okay to store, ask on SpaceBar! - If you're not sure if something is okay to store, ask on SpaceBar!
If an unapproved large project is impeding your use of the space, feel free to issue a "parking ticket" - If an unapproved large project is impeding your use of the space, feel free to issue a "parking ticket"
## Day-to-day policies and Guidelines ## Day-to-day policies and Guidelines
Safety code & Fire code rule supreme. If something is blocking a fire exit or creating a hazard, move it. - Safety code & Fire code rule supreme. If something is blocking a fire exit or creating a hazard, move it.
Personal shelves are available; that space is your own. - Personal shelves are available; that space is your own.
Sharing the limited available space is a great way to show your fellow members respect. - Sharing the limited available space is a great way to show your fellow members respect.
South end of the space is generally speaking a quieter/cleaner work area (no noisy machines) - South end of the space is generally speaking a quieter/cleaner work area (no noisy machines)
Supply your own consumables - Supply your own consumables
Materials, anything with a sharp edge, etc. - Materials, anything with a sharp edge, etc.
Donate in kind if you use stuff from the space. - Donate in kind if you use stuff from the space.
When this is unpracticable, chip in for the things you use - When this is unpracticable, chip in for the things you use
Existing Policies - Existing Policies
A non-exhaustive list of existing policies can be found on the wiki. If you are curious, the best way to find out if a policy exists is to ask around (in person or on the mailing list) - A non-exhaustive list of existing policies can be found on the wiki. If you are curious, the best way to find out if a policy exists is to ask around (in person or on Spacebar)
## More Points that dont fit anywhere else yet: ## More Points that dont fit anywhere else yet:
Nothing happens quickly at Protospace - Nothing happens quickly at Protospace
Be patient, we are all volunteers, things can take time - Be patient, we are all volunteers, things can take time
Protospace is not a secret - Protospace is not a secret
Tell people about it, word of mouth is how we get members, and members pay the bills - Tell people about it, word of mouth is how we get members, and members pay the bills
You dont need to rush - You dont need to rush
You will save wear on your tooling and our tools by taking it easy - You will save wear on your tooling and our tools by taking it easy
Rushing leads to mistakes that can wreck your project or get someone hurt - Rushing leads to mistakes that can wreck your project or get someone hurt
Hobbies are meant to take some of your time anyway - Hobbies are meant to take some of your time anyway
## Member Engagement ## Member Engagement
Open House - Open House
Bar o' Clock - Bar o' Clock
Games nights - Games nights
LAN parties - LAN parties
Movie nights - Movie nights
MakerFaire - MakerFaire
Collaboration with other Calgary orgs; we are always open to new ideas for this. - Collaboration with other Calgary orgs; we are always open to new ideas for this.
Group buys of various materials - Group buys of various materials
It is important that everyone feels welcome! Take the initiative to make another member feel included! - It is important that everyone feels welcome! Take the initiative to make another member feel included!
## Cleaning up ## Cleaning up
We do not have cleaning staff! Members are responsible for keeping the space in order. - We do not have cleaning staff! Members are responsible for keeping the space in order.
Keeping the space clean is not only a matter of courtesy, it is crucial to eliminate slipping, tripping, and various other hazards. - Keeping the space clean is not only a matter of courtesy, it is crucial to eliminate slipping, tripping, and various other hazards.
Everyone will be happier if they spend their time cleaning their own messes instead of having to clean the messes of others. - Everyone will be happier if they spend their time cleaning their own messes instead of having to clean the messes of others.
Leave the space better than you found it. - Leave the space better than you found it.
Think about where you are leaving things - Think about where you are leaving things
Is it actually going to get used? Is that a garbage can or useful offcuts? - Is it actually going to get used? Is that a garbage can or useful offcuts?
Any time is a good time to take out the trash. - Any time is a good time to take out the trash.
## Monthly group clean ## Monthly group clean
Third Saturday of every month - Third Saturday of every month
Nominally 10 to 2, often more like 9 to 1 - Nominally 10 to 2, often more like 9 to 1
Lunch provided - Lunch provided
If you volunteer to lead the clean, you get to order the lunch ($100 budget) - If you volunteer to lead the clean, you get to order the lunch ($100 budget)
Areas to be cleaned and a clean leader are usually discussed at the preceding monthly members meeting - Areas to be cleaned and a clean leader are usually discussed at the preceding monthly members meeting
## Volunteering & Contributing ## Volunteering & Contributing
Volunteerism makes Protospace possible. Hiring contractors/janitors would cause dues to skyrocket. There are many ways to contribute, and it is incumbent on each member to find ways to make Protospace better. - Volunteerism makes Protospace possible. Hiring contractors/janitors would cause dues to skyrocket. There are many ways to contribute, and it is incumbent on each member to find ways to make Protospace better.
Some ways to contribute: - Some ways to contribute:
Offer a workshop on a topic of your choosing (existing trainers can help you with this) - Offer a workshop on a topic of your choosing (existing trainers can help you with this)
Come to open houses & special events to help introduce new members - Come to open houses & special events to help introduce new members
Participate in members' meetings and discussions on the mailing list to help guide the direction of Protospace - Participate in members' meetings and discussions on the mailing list to help guide the direction of Protospace
Lots of administrivia to be done as well - Lots of administrivia to be done as well
Cleaning -- any time is a good time, but the monthly group clean is a great time! - Cleaning -- any time is a good time, but the monthly group clean is a great time!
If you are using Protospace to profitable ends, it is expected that a portion of your profits will be reinvested in Protospace - If you are using Protospace to profitable ends, it is expected that a portion of your profits will be reinvested in Protospace
## Getting Access to Protospace ## Getting Access to Protospace
New members are given "probationary" status at first. While you are a probationary member, you are free to use the space whenever there is a non-probationary member (a.k.a. a "keyholder") present and accountable for you. Generally everyone is willing to chaperone new members, but keep in mind that no one is obligated to do so. - New members are given "probationary" status at first. While you are a probationary member, you are free to use the space whenever there is a non-probationary member (a.k.a. a "keyholder") present and accountable for you. Generally everyone is willing to chaperone new members, but keep in mind that no one is obligated to do so.
You can check if anyone is at the space by checking Spaceport, or by inquiring on SpaceBar. - You can check if anyone is at the space by checking Spaceport, or by inquiring on SpaceBar.
During your probation, you should try to attend as many open houses as possible, and generally spend lots of time at the space getting to know people. - During your probation, you should try to attend as many open houses as possible, and generally spend lots of time at the space getting to know people.
## Getting your own key ## Getting your own key
To be eligible to be vetted, you must meet several conditions: - To be eligible to be vetted, you must meet several conditions:
You must be sponsored by 2 non-probationary members in good standing. - You must be sponsored by 2 non-probationary members in good standing.
You must have been a member for at least 4 weeks. - You must have been a member for at least 4 weeks.
You must be current on your dues. - You must be current on your dues.
You must show ID, and provide a photo for the member directory. Please upload a photo before you show up to get vetted - You must show ID, and provide a photo for the member directory. Please upload a photo before you show up to get vetted
You must complete a short quiz. We show you the cheat sheet a bit further on. - You must complete a short quiz. We show you the cheat sheet a bit further on.
Once these conditions are met, you can be "vetted.” Vetting gives us a chance to introduce you to more members and formally welcome you to the Protospace fold. You should come out and see what vetting is before you get vetted. - Once these conditions are met, you can be "vetted.” Vetting gives us a chance to introduce you to more members and formally welcome you to the Protospace fold. You should come out and see what vetting is before you get vetted.
Vetting may occasionally be arranged on nights other than Tuesday, but the vast majority of vettings take place on Tuesdays. - Vetting may occasionally be arranged on nights other than Tuesday, but the vast majority of vettings take place on Tuesdays.
You should also be given an in-person tour of the space, including opening and closing procedures. - You should also be given an in-person tour of the space, including opening and closing procedures.
.
## Being Good Neighbours ## Being Good Neighbours
We share this industrial complex with several businesses; It is important for Protospace and its members to be positive tenants in this space. There are two main ways that we can do this. - We share this industrial complex with several businesses; It is important for Protospace and its members to be positive tenants in this space. There are two main ways that we can do this.
Disposing of Garbage - Disposing of Garbage
- Protospace has a designated garbage dumpster in the rear parking lot. It is green. This dumpster is the only appropriate destination for garbage from the space (i.e. please do not use the other dumpsters, they are for the other tenants.) - Protospace has a designated garbage dumpster in the rear parking lot. It is green. This dumpster is the only appropriate destination for garbage from the space (i.e. please do not use the other dumpsters, they are for the other tenants.)
- We also have several recycling collection points for pop cans, scrap metal, and electronic waste within the space. - We also have several recycling collection points for pop cans, scrap metal, and electronic waste within the space.
Parking - Parking
- Protospace has 10 designated parking spots in the rear parking lot, and none in the front parking lot. Refer to the map to see their locations. It is important that we do not abuse the parking lot assignments by parking in spaces that do not belong to Protospace. This is especially important where spots belonging to GT Auto are concerned, as this has been a source of conflict in the past. - Protospace has 10 designated parking spots in the rear parking lot, and none in the front parking lot. Refer to the map to see their locations. It is important that we do not abuse the parking lot assignments by parking in spaces that do not belong to Protospace. This is especially important where spots belonging to GT Auto are concerned, as this has been a source of conflict in the past.
- If you are unsure of where to park in the parking lot, there is plenty of legal street parking on the roads adjacent to the industrial complex. - If you are unsure of where to park in the parking lot, there is plenty of legal street parking on the roads adjacent to the industrial complex.
# General Shop Safety # General Shop Safety
## Safety in the Space ## Safety in the Space
This is not an exhaustive training course; it is ultimately your own responsibility to ensure that you have the knowledge and aptitude to use equipment in the space safely. - This is not an exhaustive training course; it is ultimately your own responsibility to ensure that you have the knowledge and aptitude to use equipment in the space safely.
Training is required to use most of our machines - Training is required to use most of our machines
If you are not comfortable with the use of a particular tool or machine, ask for help—don't just guess! - If you are not comfortable with the use of a particular tool or machine, ask for help—don't just guess!
## Heavy 7 Safety Points ## Heavy 7 Safety Points
- There are several exits from the space; familiarize yourself with all of them: - There are several exits from the space; familiarize yourself with all of them:
@ -280,23 +279,23 @@ TODO: find video link
- Informing someone of your whereabouts and expected return time - Informing someone of your whereabouts and expected return time
## Personal Protective Equipment ## Personal Protective Equipment
We have a limited supply of PPE (e.g. eye protection, dust masks, respirators), but these should be regarded as a "bonus". All members are advised to supply their own PPE appropriate to the tasks they undertake at Protospace. - We have a limited supply of PPE (e.g. eye protection, dust masks, respirators), but these should be regarded as a "bonus". All members are advised to supply their own PPE appropriate to the tasks they undertake at Protospace.
Eye protection is encouraged at all times. It is mandatory if you are using any tool with a motor, or near anyone using a tool with a motor. Safety glasses have a Z87+ stamp on the frame and + on the lenses. - Eye protection is encouraged at all times. It is mandatory if you are using any tool with a motor, or near anyone using a tool with a motor. Safety glasses have a Z87+ stamp on the frame and + on the lenses.
Hearing protection is also strongly advised any time you are working around noise. - Hearing protection is also strongly advised any time you are working around noise.
## Appropriate Clothing ## Appropriate Clothing
Loose or dangling clothing poses a serious risk when worn near tools with moving parts. Baggy sweaters, neckties, and jewelery are examples inappropriate attire around machines. - Loose or dangling clothing poses a serious risk when worn near tools with moving parts. Baggy sweaters, neckties, and jewelery are examples inappropriate attire around machines.
When working with fire or other extreme/potential heat sources, do not wear synthetic materials, as they can melt to the wearer and turn a minor mishap into a major incident. - When working with fire or other extreme/potential heat sources, do not wear synthetic materials, as they can melt to the wearer and turn a minor mishap into a major incident.
Closed-toe shoes must be worn at all times at Protospace. Steel-toed work boots are a good idea. - Closed-toe shoes must be worn at all times at Protospace. Steel-toed work boots are a good idea.
Do not wear gloves when operating machinery. - Do not wear gloves when operating machinery.
Do wear gloves when working with caustic substances. - Do wear gloves when working with caustic substances.
Remove rings, chains, and jewelery when working in the shop. - Remove rings, chains, and jewelery when working in the shop.
Do not wear headphones while working in an area with power tools. - Do not wear headphones while working in an area with power tools.
## Some final safety tips ## Some final safety tips
Many of our machines use belts and pulleys to set speed or torque. If you are unfamiliar with how this works, ask! - Many of our machines use belts and pulleys to set speed or torque. If you are unfamiliar with how this works, ask!
Always check that all appropriate guards are in place and properly adjusted before using machinery. - Always check that all appropriate guards are in place and properly adjusted before using machinery.
"Know which parts move, which are stationary, and which are sharp." - "Know which parts move, which are stationary, and which are sharp."
Always use a brush or vacuum to remove chips/cuttings. Do not use your hand, nor compressed air. - Always use a brush or vacuum to remove chips/cuttings. Do not use your hand, nor compressed air.
Always ensure that your workpiece is firmly secured in place. - Always ensure that your workpiece is firmly secured in place.
Keep the soft fleshy bits away from the sharp metal bits - Keep the soft fleshy bits away from the sharp metal bits